Near Field Optics

¡
¡ NATO Science Series E āĻŦāχ 242 ¡ Springer Science & Business Media
āχ-āĻŦ⧁āĻ•
418
āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āĻž
āϰ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ“ āϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāω āϝāĻžāϚāĻžāχ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§ŸāύāĻŋ  āφāϰāĻ“ āϜāĻžāύ⧁āύ

āĻāχ āχ-āĻŦ⧁āϕ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§Ÿā§‡

Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM, also known as NSOM) is a new local probe technique with a resolving power of 10--50 nm. Not being limited by diffraction, near-field optics (NFO) opens new perspectives for optical characterization and the understanding of optical phenomena, in particular in biology, microelectronics and materials science.
SNOM, after first demonstrations in '83/'84, has undergone a rapid development in the past two to four years. The increased interest has been largely stimulated by the wealth of optical properties that can be investigated and the growing importance of characterization on the nanometer scale in general. Examples include the use of fluorescence, birefrigence and plasmon effects for applications in particular in biology, microelectronics and materials science, to name just a few.
This volume emerged from the first international meeting devoted exclusively to NFO, and comprises a complete survey of the 1992 activities in the field, in particular the variety of instrumental techniques that are currently being explored, the demonstration of the imaging capabilities as well as theoretical interpretations - a highly nontrivial task. The comprehensive collection of papers devoted to these and related subjects make the book a valuable tool for anybody interested in near-field optics.

āχ-āĻŦ⧁āϕ⧇ āϰ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻĻāĻŋāύ

āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϤāĻžāĻŽāϤ āϜāĻžāύāĻžāύāĨ¤

āĻĒāĻ āύ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ

āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āϟāĻĢā§‹āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧇āϟ
Android āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ iPad/iPhone āĻāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ Google Play āĻŦāχ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒ āχāύāĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āĻžāωāĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻ…āĻŸā§‹āĻŽā§‡āϟāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ• āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ“ āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻ…āύāϞāĻžāχāύ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻĢāϞāĻžāχāύ āϝāĻžāχ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧁āύ āύāĻž āϕ⧇āύ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻĒ⧜āϤ⧇ āĻĻā§‡ā§ŸāĨ¤
āĻ˛ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāϟāĻĒ āĻ“ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ
Google Play āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϕ⧇āύāĻž āĻ…āĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻŦ⧁āĻ• āφāĻĒāύāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ“ā§Ÿā§‡āĻŦ āĻŦā§āϰāĻžāωāϜāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻļ⧁āύāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āύāĨ¤
eReader āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϏ
Kobo eReaders-āĻāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ e-ink āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϏ⧇ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāϤ⧇, āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻĄāĻžāωāύāϞ⧋āĻĄ āĻ“ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϏ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻĢāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļā§āϝ⧇ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āϏāĻšāĻžā§ŸāϤāĻž āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧀ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝ⧇āϏāĻŦ eReader-āĻ āĻĢāĻžāχāϞ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻĢāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤

āϏāĻŋāϰāĻŋāϜ āĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĻž āϚāĻžāϞāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āϝāĻžāύ

D.W. Pohl āĻāϰ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āφāϰ⧋

āĻāĻ•āχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āχ-āĻŦ⧁āĻ•